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	Dot Lang's  Flower Notes for east Wise County, Texas Flowers by Color
	Work in Progress! I am trying to verify id's and have found errors. Family pages will appear eventually so you may view  larger photos thru those pages.  White to Green Flowers Click on linked Family name, species name, or thumbnails to view more photos and my plant notes. Plant family in alphabetical order by Scientific family name.  Most are in the Dicot Class, Monocots noted in yellow with a * by their Family name.	Cells with this color are  Foreign invasives Native but not in my fields:

Scientific Family Name Common Family Name	Common name(s) Genus, species
Agavaceae * Century Plant Family	Arkansas Yucca, Softleaf Yucca Yucca arkansana	Yucca __?__, red stem, consistently blooms a few weeks later than the Arkansas Yucca at left.   only have one clump left of this one. Doesn't do well in really cold winters. will probably disappear from my land.	.
Anacardiaceae Sumac Family	Poison Ivy Toxicodendron radicans	Shiney 3-leafed plant, turns red in the fall.  Photo at left is new spring growth.  Am waiting to find one bearing flowers.  You may find this growing as a shrub or growing as a vine, clinging to a tree or fence post with aerial roots.  Aggressive runners, too.	Worthy to note on any page because of it's toxic nature when touched.  Skin rashes can be severe. The smoke is just as toxic.  If you have been in contact with the plant, wash yourself asap and wash all clothing & shoes that may have contacted it ~ with soap.
Apiaceae Parsley Family	Prairie Bishop's Weed 7,1 Bifora americana	. Prairie Bishop's Weed 7,1 Bifora americana	Prairie Bishop's Weed is easily recognized by it's double seed pod as shown and it's featherly looking leaves.  It's a nectar source for the Black Swallowtail and other butterflies and insects.  Also a host to the Black Swallowtail Catepillar.
	Wild Chervil Chaerophyllum tainturieri var. taintrieri  (Hook) 7 First noticed June 2015	.	Knotted Hedge-parsley Torilis nodosa 7 lawn weed
Aquifoliaceae  Holly Family	# Yaupon Holly Ilex vomitoria # Texas ornamental	Native, used commercially as a small landscape tree which tolerates shape pruning.  Bees, wasps love this when in bloom. Birds will eat the red berries as a last resort. Drought tolerant. Also, poisonous.  I have also found the notorious puss, tree asp, or southern flannel moth caterpillar on mine several years ago. Such a soft catepillar with  nasty, stinging spines hidden in it's "fur".
Asclepiadaceae Milkweed Family	Antelope Horn Asclepias asperula1,2 spring	Green Milkweed Asclepias viridis1,2 spring	. Green Comet Milkweed Asclepias viridiflora summer
	. Asclepias stenophylla7,10 found locally	.
Asteraceae Aster Family Sunflower Family	White-flowered Rosinweed Silphium albiflorum 1,7	White Barbara's Buttons Marshallia caespitosa 1	Old Plainsman, Woolly White Hymenopappus tenuifolius
	Annual Aster  Symphyotrichum divaricatum	Heath Aster Symphyotrichum ericoides	Texas Aster Symphyotrichum drummondii found near neighboring creek.
	Fleabane Erigeron	Evax species, Rabbit's Tobacco, pygmy cudweed	Plains black Foot, Melampodium leucanthum1 Picture taken in  Bosque County
	Brickellia eupatorioides 3, 2, 7 False Bonset found in neighboring field, 1/2 miles south of us. 2014, 2015	Parthenium hysterophorus False Ragweed not a nice weed but cute flowers; can cause skin irritations. Have heard birds love the flowers.	Iva angustifolia, 10 Narrowleaf sumpweed
Boraginaceae	Heliotropium tenellum 7, 10 1st noticed May 2015	Buglossoides arvensis Lithospermum arvense	Seed pods. Buglossoides arvensis 7
Brassicaceae Mustard Family	Wedge-Leaf Draba Draba cuneiflolia 5 winter/spring	Pepper Grass Lepidium ..........  several species within the state	Pepper Grass Lepidium ........ (minute flowers)
	mustard, unknown yet	.	Capsella bursa-pastoris  Shepard's Purse
Caryophyllaceae Campion Family	Rock Sandwort Minuartia michauxii7 shale, chalky soil (rocks).  After flowering, leaves dry to become like spines. perennial. short clump. Spring  May 24 2015.  May have been wiped out in lake  flood on our place. Lots of seedlings 2016.  Hope they make it.	chickweed Cerastium ........	Thyme-leaf Sandwort Arenaria serpyllifolia 7
Convolvulaceae Morning Glory Family	Texas Bindweed Convolvulus equitans 1 white with red dot variation	Texas Bindweed Covolvulus equitans 1 white variation with flower not completly unfolded.	. not id'd yet.  __?__ Larger than C. equitans
Custcutaceae Dodder Family	Cuscuta __?____ Dodder - a parasitic plant in bloom - the orange strings with white flowers. Several different species. Annual so dies each year and comes back from seeds.	Dodder on a Fabiaceae plant. [did not do well in the flooding lake 2015 but survived] 2020 Its still surviving.	. Dodder on Snakeherb
Monocot possibly a Sedge	Unknown Sedge - short, approx 15cm tall 1st noticed May 2015	.	.
Euphorbiaceae Spurge Family	Bull Nettle Cnidoscolus texanus Spring, Summer Careful, Spines are quite painful.	Snow-On-The-Prairie Euphorbia Bicolor Summer, Fall	Warty Euphorbia Euphorbia spathulata Lam. 7 spring, annual bumpy seedpods
	Acalypha ostryifolio (Riddel)7 Hop-Hornbeam Copperleaf	Euphorbia dentata 7,8 Toothed spurge	Euphorbia longicruris (Scheele)7 Wedge leaf Euphorbia smooth seed pods, late winter, spring, annual
	Euphorbia missurica aka Chamaesyce missurica Prairie Spurge
Fabaceae Bean / Pea Family	Slender lobed bundleflower seedpods Desmanthus leptolobus, Torrey & A.Gray 7 . Extensive Description by Trout	Desmanthus leptolobus, Torrey & A.Gray 7 in flower	Desmanthus illinoensis 7,Trout Seedpods Prairie-Mimosa, Illinois Bundle-Flower, locally found
Liliaceae * Lily Family	False Garlic, Crow's Poison Nothoscordum bivalve spring	Evening-Star Rain Lily Cooperia drummondii 1 Zeph summer	Wild Hyacinth Camassia scilloides 1,7 spring, white variety
	2Wild Onion, Meadow Onion Allium canadense7 mid to late spring; plant about 6 to 15 inches tall. var. canadense also found	2Drummond's Onion Allium drummondii  early spring to summer, plant about 6" tall. white to pink flowers	.
Menispermaceae Moonseed Family	Cocculus carolinus7, 10 Snailseed, Coralbead	Waiting for the snailseed to have flowers and berries, suffered severly from lake flooding 2015 but did come back.. Finally, berries in the fall:--->
Nyctaginaceae Four O'Clock Family	Narrow Leaf 4-O'clock Mirabilis ....... summer, fall; white variety	.	.
Onagraceae Evening Primrose Family	White Gaura Gaura sulfata spring, fall	False Gaura Oenothera glaucifolia  syn. Stenosiphon linifolius spring, summer, fall	Showy Evening Primrose Oenothera speciosa2 Texas ornamental, locally found
	Gaura sinuata Nutt.7	.	.
Orchidaceae * Orchid Family	Great Plains Ladies' Tresses Spiranthes magnicamporum 7	flowers in fall	...
	Leaves in early Spring	floral shoots, Oct. 5, 2015	Frost damaged flowers
Papaveraceae Poppy Family	White Prickly Poppy Argemone albiflora subsp. texana spring, Wise County	.	.
Pedaliaceae Sesame Family	Devil's Claw, Ram's Horns Proboscidea louisianica summer	long Devil's Claw seed pod opened.  More plants 2015 summer.  Again, plants in 2020	Timeline - short from flower to split ripe seedpod. 07/01 - first flowers open 07/02 : pod forms 07/17: pod matures & has enlarged 07/18: pod gets first sign of ageing 08/05: pod starts turning brown and splitting open, releasing first band of seeds.. Plant continues to produce flowers and grow larger.  Leaves  are large, palm size and larger.
Plantaginaceae Plantain Family	Heller's Plantain Plantago helleri spring	.Plantago rhodosperma	a young plantain Plantago ______
			Plantago major
Poaceae * Grass Family
Polygalaceae Milkwort Family	White Milkwort Polygala alba spring	.	.
Portulacaceae Purslane Family	Spring Beauty Claytonia virginica early spring	Spring Beauty in bud.	.
Ranunculaceae Crowfoot Family	Ten-Petal Anemone Anemone berlandieri spring	Prairie Larkspur Delphinium carolinianum spring [did well in spring 2015 due to wet spring, cold winter. and again in 2019]	.
Rhamenaceae Buckthorn Family	Prairie Redroot Ceanothus herbaceus spring	Prairie Redroot is an herbacious perennial, dropping leaves for the winter.  Blooms in early spring.  Tan seeds in Black  pods, hard to germinate according to sources. Slow growing shrub if not cut down by a mower.  Nearby fields have some that are about 2 feet tall.	young Seedpods,  When dispersing seeds, pod opens quickly and sends round seeds flying!
Rosaceae Rose Family	Prairie Burnet or Western Burnet Sanguisorba annua 5 spring; appear to be wiped out from lake flood May 24, 2015 on our property.  Will watch for any plants that may decide to sprout from seed.	Sanguisorba annua 5	Prunus angustifolia Shrub, about 3-4 ft tall.  Old stands of these form round stands in fields in my area.  Have seen some about 30 ft. in diameter.  Makes noticeable display of white when in bloom in the fields. Possibly Oklahoma Plum.  Will be watching these more closely.
	Rosa foliosa 10 White Prairie Rose
Rubiaceae Madder Family	Field Bladder Sherardia arvensis spring	Piedmont Bedstraw Galium pedemontanum (Bellardi) All. 9 small invasive weed	.
Rutaceae Citrus or Rue Family	Zanthoxylum hirsutum7, 10 Prickly Ash	flowers of Zanthoxylum hirsutum: a shrub or small tree; prickles all over! host to Giant Swallowtail butterfly.
Smilaceae *	Greenbriar Smilax bona-nox	Vine, prickly,
Sapindaceae Soapberry Family	Cardiospermum halicacabum 7 Common Balloonvine, Heartseed	Considered a noxious plant in Texas according to USDA	Cardiospermum halicacabum
	papery husk for a seed pod.	This one has been removed from my landscape.  Most likely grew from seed dropped by a bird.
Scrophulariaceae Figwort Family	Prairie penstemon, Fairy Bells Penstemon cobaea  spring perennial, color varies to pink.	Downy Paintbrush Castilleja purpurea 2, 7 perennial, semi parasitic; this one is actually a very, very pale pink. local neighboring field.	Veronica peregrina ssp. xalapensis
Solanaceae Nightshade Family	Long-leaf Groundcherry Physalis longifolia Nutt.	Physalis species, a Ground cherry	.
Valerianaceae Valerian Family	Corn Salad Valerianella woodsiana spring	I found 2 sizes of flowers in my fields.  One plant would have tiny, flowers, a plant right next to it would have flowers  at least double that size. Are there separate male/female plants? .
Verbenaceae Verbena Family	Texas Frog-Fruit Lippia nodiflora (L) Michx1, 7 Phyla nodiflora 2, spring, summer	Texas Frog-fruit is an herbacious perennial, leaving long ground-creeping woody stems bare in winter.  Leafs out by mid spring.  Can make a good ground cover for summer if kept weeded. 2016: Had quite a few this year in lower field and the small butterfly that uses it as its host.	Prairie Verbena, Dakota Vervain Glandularia bipinnatifida white variety, not as common as pink or purple flowered variations according to sources.
Violaceae Violet Family	Green Violet, Nodding Violet Hybanthus verticillatus7	Plant is growing in semi-shade, about 10 inches tall, mounds, clay/rocky soil. flower only 1 cm long. Burr Williams id'd it for me.	Green Violet Also found in field just northeast of my place and in my dry  field.
Vitaceae Grape Family	Virginia Creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia	Virginia Creeper, new growth	Virginia Creeper, old growth showing tendrils clinging to old wood fence.
	Cow-itch, possum grape Cissus incisa	Cissus incisa berries on left, floral buds on right

# Cells with this mark are native cultivares; (not found naturally in my fields)
* In the Monocot Class.

As ID'd from:

¹ Wild Flowers of Texas book by Geyata Ajilvsgi, revised ed. 2003
²Lady Bird Johnson WildFlower Center website,
³Kansas State Wildflowers website.
⁴100 Texas Wildflowers by Dorothy Baird Mattiza for the Native Plant Society of Texas, 1993
⁵ Native Plant Society of Texas
⁶ Texas Wildflowers by Leo Meier & Jan Reid
⁷ Shiner & Mahler's Illustrated Flora of North Central Texas by Diggs, Lipscomb & O'Kennon, 1999
⁸  Google searches used to help verify and find more info
⁹  USDA website Plant Database
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